The Pakistan Penal Code (PPC), Qatl (قتل) refers to various forms of homicide, each with specific definitions, elements, and punishments. Below are the main categories of qatl and their punishments:
1. Qatl-i-Amd (Intentional Murder) – Section 302 PPC
- Defined as an intentional act leading to the death of another person.
- Punishments:
- Death Penalty (Qisas): Can be imposed if the offender is fully liable and no exemptions apply.
- Life Imprisonment or up to 25 years if Qisas is not applicable.
- Diyat (Compensation): If Qisas cannot be applied, the offender may be required to pay diyat (financial compensation) to the victim’s family.
2. Qatl Shibh-i-Amd (Unintentional Killing with Intentional Act) – Section 315 PPC
- Occurs when the act causing death is intentional, but the death itself is unintended.
- Punishments:
- Diyat (compensation).
- Imprisonment: Up to 14 years, depending on circumstances.
3. Qatl-i-Khata (Accidental or Mistaken Killing) – Section 318 PPC
- A killing caused by mistake or accident without intent to kill.
- Punishments:
- Diyat: Compensation, usually without imprisonment, as there is no intentional harm.
4. Qatl Bis-Sabab (Indirect or Caused Death) – Section 321 PPC
- Death caused indirectly by the actions of the offender (e.g., creating dangerous conditions that lead to death).
- Punishments:
- Diyat (compensation), similar to Qatl-i-Khata.
